NCERT Class 2 Maths Chapter 12: Give and Take

Understanding Tens and Ones with Beads

In the chapter Give and Take, we learn how to add and subtract double-digit numbers using a beautiful, visual system of Beads and Necklaces.

Imagine you are playing with shiny loose beads. When you collect exactly 10 loose beads, you string them together to make 1 necklace.

• 1 Necklace = 1 Ten (10 beads)
• 1 Loose Bead = 1 One (1 bead)

For example, if you have 25 beads, it means you have 2 necklaces (2 Tens) and 5 loose beads (5 Ones). Breaking down numbers into necklaces and loose beads makes addition and subtraction very easy to understand without any confusion!

How to Add Using the Bead Method

1. Step 1: Group into Columns — Write down the numbers of beads under Necklaces (Tens) and Loose Beads (Ones) columns.
2. Step 2: Add Loose Beads First — Always start adding from the right side—the single loose beads (Ones column).
3. Step 3: Regroup (Make a New Necklace) — If the loose beads add up to 10 or more, take 10 of them to make 1 new necklace. Carry this 1 necklace over to the Tens column, and keep the remaining loose beads in the Ones column.
4. Step 4: Count Total Necklaces — Finally, add all the necklaces in the Tens column (including the new one you just carried over) to get your final answer.

Crucial Tips for Quick Solving

• Always start your calculation from the Ones column (loose beads), never from the Tens column.
• Remember the core rule: 10 Loose Beads = 1 Necklace (1 Ten).
• When subtracting, if you do not have enough loose beads, you can untie (borrow) 1 necklace to get 10 loose beads.

Practice Questions with Solutions

• Q: Ria has 15 beads and Sonu has 13 beads. How many beads do they have in total? A: Step 1: Arrange the numbers in columns of Tens (Necklaces) and Ones (Loose Beads). 15 is 1 Ten and 5 Ones. 13 is 1 Ten and 3 Ones. Step 2: Add the Ones (loose beads) first: 5 + 3 = 8. Step 3: Add the Tens (necklaces): 1 + 1 = 2. Final answer: They have 28 beads in total.
• Q: Aarif has 24 beads and Razia has 18 beads. Find the total number of beads they have together. A: Step 1: Arrange the numbers. 24 = 2 Tens and 4 Ones. 18 = 1 Ten and 8 Ones. Step 2: Add the loose beads (Ones): 4 + 8 = 12 beads. Step 3: Since 12 is more than 10, convert 10 beads into 1 necklace. Carry this 1 necklace to the Tens column, leaving 2 loose beads in the Ones column. Step 4: Add the necklaces (Tens): 2 + 1 + 1 (carried over) = 4. Final answer: The total is 42 beads.
• Q: Simar had 35 beads. She gave 12 beads to her sister. How many beads are left with Simar? A: Step 1: Write down the subtraction: 35 - 12. 35 is 3 Tens and 5 Ones. 12 is 1 Ten and 2 Ones. Step 2: Subtract the Ones (loose beads): 5 - 2 = 3. Step 3: Subtract the Tens (necklaces): 3 - 1 = 2. Final answer: Simar has 23 beads left.
• Q: Reema has 32 beads. She gives 15 beads to Sonu. How many beads does Reema have now? A: Step 1: Arrange the subtraction: 32 - 15. Step 2: Subtract the loose beads (Ones). We cannot take 5 beads from 2. So, we untie 1 necklace of Reema to get 10 loose beads. Now we have 12 loose beads (10 + 2) and only 2 necklaces left in the Tens column. Step 3: Subtract the loose beads: 12 - 5 = 7. Step 4: Subtract the remaining necklaces: 2 - 1 = 1. Final answer: Reema has 17 beads left.

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